Deception Island

Antarctica


SUMMARY:

Type: caldera
Activity: active
Last Eruption: 1970 A.D.
Rock Type: ?
Eruptive Volume: ? cu km
Location Map from Xerox PARC
Latitude: 62.93 S
Longitude: 60.57 W


GEOLOGIC HISTORY

Deception Island's flooded caldera forms a 5 x 9 km bay with its mouth to the SW, thus giving the island an open ring shape.

Historic Activity:

  • Eruptions in 1812, 1829, 1839, 1842, 1871, 1909, 1912, 1927, 1955, 1967, 1969, and 1970.
  • The last documented eruption of Deception Island, in 1970, was more violent than its predecessors in 1967 and 1969. Five maar-like submarine craters and 7 land vents along an arcuate zone about 5 km long erupted tephra and built about 1.5 sq. km of new land in the Telefon Bay area.

Recent Activity:

  • Seismic data suggested that an eruption occurred in September. Seismicity in 1987 and 1988 but no reported eruption. A plume on satellite imagery was observed in July 1987. Neither the 1972 or 1987-1988 activity could be confirmed by ground observations.
  • Increased seismic activity during 1991-1992 survey.
  • Decreased seismic activity during 1992-1993 survey.
  • Decreased seismic activity during 1993-1994 survey.
  • Decreased seismic activity during 1996-1997 survey.
  • Moderate seismic activity in 2001.

Data Sources

  • Smithsonian's SEAN Bulletin (V. 12, No. 8 to V. 14, No. 3)
  • Global Volcanism Network (V. 15, No. 3 to V. 26 , No. 5).

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION


Last Update: 1/2/02