Poas

Costa Rica


SUMMARY:

Type: composite cone
Activity: active
Last Eruption: 1996 A.D.
Rock Type: ?
Eruptive Volume: ? cu km
Location Map from Xerox PARC
Latitude: 10.20 N
Longitude: 84.22 W


Geologic Background:

Poás, one of the most active volcanoes of Costa Rica, is a broad, well-vegetated volcano with a summit area containing three craters along a N-S line. The frequently visited multi-hued summit craters of one of Costa Rica's most prominent natural landmarks are accessible by vehicle. The 2708-m-high complex stratovolcano is constructed within eroded remnants of nested 7- and 3-km-wide calderas. A N-S-trending fissure extending to the lower north flank has produced the Congo stratovolcano and several maars. The southernmost of two summit crater lakes, Botos, is cold and clear, and last erupted about 7500 years ago. The other is warm and acid and has been the site of frequent phreatic and phreatomagmatic eruptions since the first historical eruption was reported in 1828. Poás eruptions often include geyser-like ejection of crater lake water.

Historic Activity:

  • Most of the 34 eruptions since 1828 have been from the northern crater lake, and the 1910 event produce a geyser >4 km high.

Recent Activity:

  • Phreatic eruptions, the first since September 1980, began in June 1987 and continued through 1997. During wet periods activity consisted of geyser-like eruptions with typical eruptions reaching upto 75 meters above the lake. During dry period, when the lake would dry up the activity was limited to fumarolic activity.
  • Continued fumarolic activity and increased seismicity were reported during January-June 2000.

Data Sources:

  • Smithsonian's SEAN Bulletin (V. 8, No. 3 to V. 14, No. 11)
  • Global Volcanism Network (V. 15, No. 1 to V. 25, No. 3).

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION


Last Update: 12/19/00