Haleakala Volcano

East Pacific Ocean - Hawaiian Islands


SUMMARY

Type: shield volcano
Activity: dormant
Last Eruption: 1790
Rock Type: basalt
Eruptive Volume: 30,000 cu. km.
Location Map from Xerox PARC
Latitude: 20.71 N
Longitude: 156.25 W


Geologic Background:

The youngest volcano on Maui is Haleakala. This active volcano is in its rejuvenated stage, it last erupted about 1790 and has a poorly-established eruptive recurrence interval of several hundred years. Three fissure, or rift, zones extend to the northwest, east, and southwest. A large summit depression, originally interpreted as a caldera and later as an erosional feature, may have been formed from the coalescence of the headwalls of two landslides to the north and south of the summit. The volcano consists of shield-stage lava (1.1 million to 900,000 years old), postshield-stage lava (860,000 to 410,000 years old), and rejuvenated stage lava (younger than 400,000 years old). Haleakala is unique in that rejuvenated-stage vents are aligned along the rift zones. Haleakala is a potentially dangerous volcano that is likely to erupt again within the next several hundred years.

Historic Activity:

  • The only known historical eruption (1790) at Haleakala occurred near La Perouse Bay and was witnessed by Hawaiians.

Recent Activity:

  • None

Data Sources:

  • USGS - HVO

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION


Last Update: 12/16/00