Papandayan

Java

SUMMARY:

Type: composite
Activity: dormant
Last Eruption: 1772 AD
Rock Type: ?
Eruptive Volume: ? cu km
Location Map from Xerox PARC
Latitude: 7.32 S
Longitude: 107.73 E

GEOLOGIC HISTORY

Papandayan is a complex composite volcano with four large summit craters, the youngest of which was breached to the NE by collapse during a brief eruption in 1772 and contains active fumarole fields. The broad 1.1-km-wide, flat-floored Alun-Alun crater truncates the summit of Papandayan, and Gunung Puntang to the north gives the volcano a twin-peaked appearance. Several episodes of collapse have given the volcano an irregular profile and produced debris avalanches that have impacted lowland areas beyond the volcano.

Historic Activity: Since its first historical eruption in 1772, in which a catastrophic debris avalanche destroyed 40 villages, only two small phreatic eruptions have occurred from vents in the NE-flank fumarole field, Kawah Mas.

Recent Activity:

  • Small phreatic explosions ejected gas and mud from fumarolic vents on 23 June, lofting material up to 5 m above the crater. A white plume under moderate pressure reached heights of 10-100 m in the first week of July.

Data Sources

  • Global Volcanism Network (V. 23, No. 7).

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

Last Update: 2/27/00